[71], Copies of his works translated by Robert M. Green are held at the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland. [71] This collection consists of 122 of Galen's treatises, translated from the original Greek into Latin (the text is presented in both languages). We dont think of uncertainty in the political world and personal life all that differently. [65] The third part of the soul, or the appetitive spirit, controlled the living forces in our body, most importantly blood. The first major translator of Galen into Arabic was the Arab Christian Hunayn ibn Ishaq. After 750, these Syrian Christians made the first translations of Galen into Syriac and Arabic. We dont think of uncertainty in the political world and personal life all that differently. His new followers stressed his methodical techniques of identifying and curing illness, his independent judgment, and his cautious empiricism. Galen, however, staunchly defended venesection in his three books on the subject[51] and in his demonstrations and public disputations. Several schools of thought existed within the medical field during Galen's lifetime, the main two being the Empiricists and Rationalists (also called Dogmatists or Philosophers), with the Methodists being a smaller group. Vida y obra de Miguel Servet. Wasn't there a podcast episode from last year or something with 4 people and someone mentioned that everyone was gay except for 1? He was born in September 129 AD. In 191, a fire in the Temple of Peace destroyed many of his works, in particular treatises on philosophy.[75]. His dissections and vivisections of animals led to key observations that helped him accurately describe the human spine, spinal cord, and vertebral column. He has been out since at least 2011 https://www.jhunewsletter.com/article/2011/11/a-close-encounter-with-the-other-kind-30905. His anatomy of the uterus, for example, is largely that of the dogs. Other contemporary authors in the Greek world confirm this including Theodotus the Shoemaker, Athenaeus and Alexander of Aphrodisias. The 11th-century Suda lexicon states that Galen died at the age of 70, which would place his death in about the year 199. 1.81M. [8] A few centuries after Galen, Palladius Iatrosophista stated in his commentary on Hippocrates that Hippocrates sowed and Galen reaped. He states that those who were going to survive developed a black exanthem. In: Medicine in the presence of the new millennium: a historical perspective. Bulletin of the History of Medicine. He was perpetually inquisitive, even in areas remote from medicine, such as linguistics, and he was an important logician who wrote major studies of scientific method. pp. As the title of Doubts on Galen by al-Rzi implies, as well as the writings of physicians such as Ibn Zuhr and Ibn al-Nafis,[86] the works of Galen were not accepted unquestioningly, but as a challengeable basis for further inquiry. Required fields are marked *. Magnus of Nisibis was a pure theorist, as were John of Alexandria and Agnellus of Ravenna with their lectures on Galen's De Sectis. To mark a year since Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Galen Druke brings back two experts who first joined the podcast when the war began. Over 20,000 pages in length, it is divided into 22 volumes, with 676 index pages. From nonexistent to where we are now! Previously @WPR, @WNYC Off-duty Galen: www.instagram . [24][25][26] Many of his works have been preserved and/or translated from the original Greek, although many were destroyed and some credited to him are believed to be spurious. Galen Druke speaks with Equis Research co-founder Carlos Odio about whether that trend continued in the 2022 midterms and what it all means for 2024. At the time, not even Serial had been released yet, and the audio scene was a lot more of a buyers market, in that public radio companies could take their pick of talent, and everyone was scrambling to a get a limited number of jobs. Hopefully weve helped people learn about how probability, elections and uncertainty work over time. The reason for using animals to discover the human body was due to the fact that dissections and vivisections on humans were strictly prohibited at the time. However, there is a reference in Galen's treatise "On Theriac to Piso" (which may, however, be spurious) to events of 204. On My Own Opinions. Contact & Personal Details. October 30, 2018. It's a joke because Galen's been out (and employed by another gay man) for years. Galen, Plato, and the Physiology of Eros." Required fields are marked *. The politically curious are torturing themselves by hitting refresh on polling data and clinging to forecast updates from sites like FiveThirtyEight. Americans Like Bidens Student Debt Forgiveness Plan. If theres a tsunami, the likely voter metrics could be higher for Democrats than were expecting. Galen Druke still have a passion and respect for their partner that is reciprocal. I really hope 538 is the kind of workplace where everybody already already knew and nobody cared, I think it was already mentioned on a previous podcast episode. Galen, Greek Galenos, Latin Galenus, (born 129 ce, Pergamum, Mysia, Anatolia [now Bergama, Turkey]died c. 216), Greek physician, writer, and philosopher who exercised a dominant influence on medical theory and practice in Europe from the Middle Ages until the mid-17th century. A small amount of blood seeps through the lungs between the pulmonary artery and pulmonary veins, thereby becoming mixed with air, and then seeps from the right to the left ventricle of the heart through minute pores in the wall separating the two chambers. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Galen Druke is the host and producer of the FiveThirtyEight Politics podcast, which aims to explain politics through a mix of data analysis and traditional reporting. [27], Galen's Greek name (Galns) comes from the adjective (galns) 'calm'. It changes from episode to episode. At that time Pergamon (modern-day Bergama, Turkey) was a major cultural and intellectual centre, noted for its library, second only to that in Alexandria,[8][30] as well as being the site of a large temple to the healing god Asclepius. [95], The Renaissance, and the fall of the Byzantine Empire (1453), were accompanied by an influx of Greek scholars and manuscripts to the West, allowing direct comparison between the Arabic commentaries and the original Greek texts of Galen. Micah, Nate, and Galen. [18], Galen saw himself as both a physician and a philosopher, as he wrote in his treatise titled That the Best Physician Is Also a Philosopher. This was most likely the same plague that struck Rome during Marcus Aurelius reign. From that time, Galenism took on a new, unquestioned authority, Galen even being referred to as the "Medical Pope of the Middle Ages". Trans Stud Coll Physicians Phila. , meaning that forecasts could be missing crucial indicators. At first reluctantly but then with increasing vigor, Galen promoted Hippocratic teaching, including venesection and bloodletting, then unknown in Rome. At the same time, I understand that for people who dont use this data on a daily basis or arent as comfortable with it, its important to think about the ways that we confront uncertainty in our own daily lives. He posited that arterial blood originated in the heart, from where it was distributed and consumed by all organs of the body. Among other things he told me that, some ten years before, a young man had come to the city and had given, like me practical demonstrations of the resources of our art; this young man was put to death by poison, together with two servants who accompanied him. Vida y obra de Miguel Servet. The politically curious are torturing themselves by hitting refresh on polling data and clinging to forecast updates from sites like, Even at this late stage, some competitive races have. Only five deaths among the gladiators occurred while he held the post, compared to sixty in his predecessor's time, a result that is in general ascribed to the attention he paid to their wounds. He was the personal physician to Rome's . A lot of people on staff are heavily involved on Twitter. endobj Various attempts have been made to classify Galen's vast output. - . After graduation, Galen Druke began working as an audiobook. [22] In his brief treatise Quod animi mores, Galen says both that the soul follows the mixtures of the body, and that the soul is a bodily mixture. He was the first to recognize that there are distinct differences between venous (dark) and arterial (bright) blood. [42] Although Galen's description is incomplete, it is sufficient to enable a firm identification of the disease as smallpox. . Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. A newly researched list and arrangement of the titles of the treatises extant in Greek, Latin, and Arabic. [81] Galen continued to exert an important influence over the theory and practice of medicine until the mid-17th century in the Byzantine and Arabic worlds and Europe. The rational soul was in the brain, the spiritual soul was in the heart, and the appetitive soul was in the liver. 1991. Even at this late stage, some competitive races have little to no polling, meaning that forecasts could be missing crucial indicators. [16][17] Galen's theory of the physiology of the circulatory system remained unchallenged until c. 1242, when Ibn al-Nafis published his book Sharh tashrih al-qanun li Ibn Sina (Commentary on Anatomy in Avicenna's Canon), in which he reported his discovery of pulmonary circulation. Galen Druke is 32 years old and was born on 11/05/1990. [58] This same venous artery allowed for an exchange of waste products from the blood back into the lungs to be exhaled. I thought I remembered it being 3 people on the pod and one joked that the majority was gay, but I'm not positive. In his time, Galen's reputation as both physician and philosopher was legendary,[80] the emperor Marcus Aurelius describing him as "Primum sane medicorum esse, philosophorum autem solum" (first among doctors and unique among philosophers Praen 14: 660). Through his vivisection practices, Galen also proved that the voice was controlled by the brain. Bryn Mawr Classical Review August 24 2000", "Nutton V. From Galen to Alexander, aspects of medicine and medical practice in late antiquity. So, this reminds me that there are basic ideas that we need to keep explaining and continue to help people understand the basics. Read More. As seen in: FiveThirtyEight Politics, Washington Times, FiveThirtyEight, New Jersey Public Radio, WNYC (New York, NY), Wisconsin Public Radio, La Crosse Tribune, Winona Daily News, Bollyinside, IQ Stock Market, IQ Fin. Unlike pagan Rome, Christian Europe did not exercise a universal prohibition of the dissection and autopsy of the human body and such examinations were carried out regularly from at least the 13th century. [65] This was where his opposition to the Stoics became most prevalent. ), Hygiene (12), Aetiology (19), Semeiotics (14), Pharmacy (10), Blood letting (4) and Therapeutics (17), in addition to 4 of aphorisms, and spurious works. Galen abruptly ended his sojourn in the capital in 166. [4][5][6] Considered to be one of the most accomplished of all medical researchers of antiquity, Galen influenced the development of various scientific disciplines, including anatomy,[7] physiology, pathology,[8] pharmacology,[9] and neurology, as well as philosophy[10] and logic. stream Review of Vivian Nutton (ed.) A strategy that relies on the threat of . Samuel Charap is a senior political scientist . Unfortunately, his references to the plague are scattered and brief. He even dealt with diseases affecting the spinal cord and nerves. Galen believed each part of this tripartite soul controlled specific functions within the body and that the soul, as a whole, contributed to the health of the body, strengthening the "natural functioning capacity of the organ or organs in question". Galen Druke uses the interactive model to go through the possible scenarios in each state.Wow! New Testament Studies: Philological, Versional, and Patristic. I think it was a Nate/Galen/Micah podcast where they were joking about it being majority gay or something and I assumed Micah was the non-gay one. This byline is for a different person with the same name. He passed away on June 30, 1989 in Very long Seaside, California, USA. [83] So strong was Galenism that other authors such as Hippocrates began to be seen through Galen's eyes, while his opponents became marginalised and other medical sects such as Asclepiadism slowly disappeared. The experience in front of the microphone he performs on podcasts The Johns Hopkins News-Letter is the independent student newspaper of the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Your email address will not be published. John Ford. Ironically, Lucius Verus died in 169, and Marcus Aurelius himself died in 180, both victims of the plague. Im more of a traditional reporter. We will update Galen Drake's Height, weight, Body Measurements, Eye Color, Hair Color, Shoe & Dress size soon as possible. I didn't tbh, which isn't terribly surprising since I am mainly here for the political stuff. Galen was concerned to combine philosophical thought with medical practice, as in his brief work That the Best Physician is also a Philosopher he took aspects from each group and combined them with his original thought. Galen Druke's Phone Number and Email. That said, a lot of people use podcasts to consume media during times when they couldnt be a captive audience to a screen. The Supreme Court Not So Much. Part of living is understanding that not always the most expected outcome happens. No, The Model Doesnt Care About The Early Vote, How The Pudding visualized the structure of Ali Wongs stand-up comedy. It's Friday and that means it's a BOLD Morning! It's a joke about the Supreme Court's ruling today that it's illegal to fire someone on the basis of sexual orientation. Boudon-Millot[45] more or less concurs and favors a date of 216. Discover Galen Drake's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. After trying to find audio work in New York in 2012, my first full-time job was working at Wisconsin Public Radio. He was an acting professional, known for The Galen Drake Display (1957). In some cases scholars have even attempted to translate from the Latin or Arabic back into Greek where the original is lost. According to our Database, He has no children. In addition to the more numerous translations of Arabic texts in this period, there were a few translations of Galenic works directly from the Greek, such as Burgundio of Pisa's translation of De complexionibus. Learn more about your ad choices. [64] This idea is now referred to as localization of function. Galen's Greek name (Galns) comes from the adjective (galns) 'calm'. Your email address will not be published. Some cited these changes as proof that human anatomy had changed since the time of Galen. Politics Podcast: Why The Federal Reserves Power Is Limitless. [8] Job of Edessa is said to have translated 36 of Galen's works into Syriac, some of which were later translated into Arabic by Hunain ibn Ishaq.[84]. Romans frequented the temple at Pergamon in search of medical relief from illness and disease. In his treatise On the usefulness of the parts of the body, Galen argued the perfect conformation of each part of the body and its strict pertinence with its function founded the needy role of an intelligent creator. Galen argued that monkey anatomy was close enough to humans for physicians to learn anatomy with monkey dissections and then make observations of similar structures in the wounds of their patients, rather than trying to learn anatomy only from wounds in human patients, as would be done by students trained in the Empiricist model. or audio recorders, our tried-and-true tech is a digital recorder, a microphone, and a bunch of batteries. His father, Aelius Nicon, was a wealthy patrician, an architect and builder, with eclectic interests . Since no contemporary depictions or descriptions of Galen are known to have existed, later artists' impressions are unlikely to have reproduced his appearance accurately. The Lyon edition has commentaries on breathing and blood streaming that correct the work of earlier renowned authors such as Vesalius, Caius or Janus Cornarius. According to Galen, the Stoics' lack of scientific justification discredited their claims of the separateness of mind and body, which is why he spoke so strongly against them. FiveThirtyEight's Galen Druke breaks down the significance of former South Carolina Governor Nikki Haley's candidacy for the 2024 presidential election. The Empiricists emphasized the importance of physical practice and experimentation or "active learning" in the medical discipline. 1242) shown to be incorrect.[60]. Biography. ); Job of Edessa. Galen clarified the anatomy of the trachea and was the first to demonstrate that the larynx generates the voice. He was also a leader in the development of management education, and . One of his most important demonstrations was that the arteries carry blood, not air, as had been taught for 400 years. <>/Metadata 28 0 R/ViewerPreferences 29 0 R>> The second theorized system was the heart and the arteries, which Galen believed to be responsible for providing life-giving energy. Galen summarized and synthesized the work of his predecessors, and it is in Galen's words (Galenism) that Greek medicine was handed down to subsequent generations, such that Galenism became the means by which Greek medicine was known to the world. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Among Niccol's translations is a piece from a medical treatise by Galen, of which the original text is lost. This practice conflicted with the then-current standard of care, which relied upon divination and mysticism. Galen was seriously hampered by the prevailing social taboo against dissecting human corpses, however, and the inferences he made about human anatomy based on his dissections of animals often led him into errors. However, in general, Galen and the ancient Greek medical tradition continued to be studied and followed in the Eastern Roman Empire, commonly known as the Byzantine Empire. As a consequence, research on Galen's work is fraught with hazard.[30][71]. Nutton[44] believes that "On Theriac to Piso" is genuine, that the Arabic sources are correct, and that the Suda has erroneously interpreted the 70 years of Galen's career in the Arabic tradition as referring to his whole lifespan. Galens physiological theory proved extremely seductive, and few possessed the skills needed to challenge it in succeeding centuries. If the stool was very black, the patient died. [94], The first edition of Galen's complete works in Latin translation was edited by Diomede Bonardo of Brescia and printed at Venice by Filippo Pinzi in 1490. 2 0 obj Host and Producer at FiveThirtyEight. Twitter thread from Mona Chalabi on June 10th found here.Her contributor's page is still active for her 2015 articles > found here for those who are unfamiliar. 38, 1984", http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/broughttolife/techniques/unanitibb.aspx, "The Latin Editions of Galens Opera omnia (14901625) and Their Prefaces", "Selected works of Galen / translated by Robert Montraville Green for Sidney Licht [c. 1953] 19511979", Boylen M. Galen. Galen's work on animals led to some inaccuracies, most notably his anatomy of the uterus which largely resembled a dog's. Galen Druke Where are you from, and what brought you to Rome? According to Galen, blood is formed in the liver and is then carried by the veins to all parts of the body, where it is used up as nutriment or is transformed into flesh and other substances. 3, pp. [64] Although highly criticized for comparing animal anatomy to human anatomy, Galen was convinced that his knowledge was abundant enough in both anatomies to base one on the other. Corpus Medicorum Graecorum 5.3.2 Galeni De Proprius Placentis. It was the biggest shift of any demographic group between the two presidential elections and led to some speculation about a possible realignment. 3. robyn - Dancing On My Own (Rex The Dog Remix) Not available in United States. 645657. Another one of Galen's major works, On the Diagnosis and Cure of the Soul's Passion, discussed how to approach and treat psychological problems. I love people and asking questions. I'm based in New York City. [89][90] In India many Hindu physicians studied Persian and Urdu languages and learnt Galenic medicine. His hometown, Pergamum, was the site of a magnificent shrine of the healing god, Asclepius, that was visited by many distinguished figures of the Roman Empire for cures. He was an actor, known for The Galen Drake Show (1957). He was one of the first people to use experiments as a method of research for his medical findings. On the other hand, we could maybe be hyping our expectations based on those numbers. Other times, were responding to breaking news in emergency podcasts. [71][77][78] For some of the ancient sources, such as Herophilus, Galen's account of their work is all that survives. We have estimated Another factor is that district level polling is lacking, so theres a significant level of uncertainty. 2011 September 9th, Francisco Gonzlez Echeverra VI International Meeting for the History of Medicine, (S-11: Biographies in History of Medicine (I)), Barcelona. Galen Druke speaks with New York Times reporter Jeanna Smialek about her new book, "Limitless: The Federal Reserve Takes On A New Age Of Crisis." . Email This BlogThis! Try to avoid listing numbers and try to tell a story around the numbers you are talking about.. "Galen on Pharmacology: Philosophy, History, and Medicine: Proceedings of the Vth International Galen Colloquium", Lille, 1618 March 1995 Brill, 1997, Hankinson RJ (ed.) I definitely think our data visual team does a much better job of conveying these things than we could ever do in audio, and I would wholeheartedly tell anyone who listens to our podcast to go interact with those data visuals. [58] In order to receive air from the lungs in the left ventricle, the new blood needed to get there from the right ventricle. In the Abbasid period (after 750) Arab Muslims began to be interested in Greek scientific and medical texts for the first time, and had some of Galen's texts translated into Arabic, often by Syrian Christian scholars (see below). Joanna Carraway Vitiello, "Forensic Evidence, Lay Witnesses and Medical Expertise in the Criminal Courts of Late Medieval Italy", 2011 "The love for truth. Galen Druke, host of the FiveThirtyEight's popular Politics Podcast, takes part in the weekly Grub Street Diet column, documenting several days of eating as he follows the midterm primaries and . To mark a year since Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Galen Druke brings back two experts who first joined the podcast when the war began. Wiki Bio of Galen Drake net worth is updated in 2022. Even in his own time, forgeries and unscrupulous editions of his work were a problem, prompting him to write On his Own Books. Quickly realizing that every Swede I meet thinks I'm trolling them." According to Galen, it was black because of a remnant of blood putrefied in a fever blister that was pustular. Over his four years there, he learned the importance of diet, fitness, hygiene and preventive measures, as well as living anatomy, and the treatment of fractures and severe trauma, referring to their wounds as "windows into the body". Theres even more because in presidential forecasts, were focused on national and state-level for swing states. Recent episodes include . [58] The blood created in the liver would eventually flow unidirectionally into the right ventricle of the heart via the great vein. Kudlien, Fridolf, and Richard J Durling. A History of Psychology: Ideas and Context (4th ed., pp. Galens influence was initially almost negligible in western Europe except for drug recipes, but from the late 11th century unayns translations, commentaries on them by Arab physicians, and sometimes the original Greek writings themselves were translated into Latin. Routledge, 2004, 226227, Boudon-Millot V (ed. In, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 14:50. Oftentimes, before we record, we talk as a group about the kind of questions that we want to answer when were taping, so contributors know what to expect and can think about their answers in advance. [13] Galen would encourage his students to go look at dead gladiators or bodies that washed up in order to get better acquainted with the human body. We would argue here at FiveThirtyEight that the best way to understand how people think is to poll them. Galen Druke is a host, podcast producer, and political commentator. On a Friday or over the weekend, Ill also send out a reading list pieces that our podcasters should contribute, use to guide their analyses, data sets to use, or things they might agree with and disagree with. To mark a year since Russia s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Galen Druke brings back two experts who first joined the podcast when the war began.
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